Age of Empires 

The original Age of Empires release introduced 12 civilizations based on the prominent civilizations and nations of the ancient world. The original 12 civilizations were divided into four groups, Greek, Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Asian. Below is the list of all civilizations of the original release and their bonuses.

Assyrians 

Babylonians 

Choson 

Egyptians 

Greeks 

Hittites 

Minoans 

Persians 

Phoenicians 

Shang 

Sumerians 

Yamato 

The Rise of Rome 

The Rise of Rome expansion, aside from adding various technologies, units, and various gameplay changes, introduced 4 new civilizations based on the Roman Empire and its neighbors and introduced Roman style architecture.

Carthaginians 

Macedonians 

Palmyrans 

Romans 

Πηγή https://ageofempires.fandom.com/wiki/Civilizations_(Age_of_Empires)